Hernandez Garcia de Leon, Hector
(1990)
The Sinarquista Movement with special reference to the period 1934-1944.
PhD thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science.
Abstract
The thesis has two principal objectives: firstly, to provide a systematic account of the evolution of the Sinarquista Movement in Mexico from 1934 to 1944 and, secondly, to evaluate the extent to which the Movement was instrumental in the shift to the right of the Mexican Revolution. The first part of the thesis outlines the historical and political context in which the Sinarquista Movement appeared. It argues that the modus vivendi that came out of the 1929 agreements between the Church and the State, which brought to an end the Cristero rebellion, was broken by the left-oriented government of Lazaro Cardenas, which alienated the Catholics and exasperated the propertied classes. Against this background took place the consolidation of Catholic organizations. The following three chapters then trace the evolution of the Sinarquista Movement from its inception in the Mexican political scene, to its apogee after the 1941 presidential elections and, to its collapse and fragmentation in 1945. Each chapter considers the relations and the perceptions of the Church, the Government and the United States. In each case, the analysis is organized around two critical developments: the changing character of the Mexican regime and, the growing concern of the Catholic conservative sector, the power behind the Sinarquista Movement, about the radicalization of the Movement, which threatened to compromise the Church. Part three seeks to evaluate Synarchist organization and ideology. It argues that the failures of the Mexican Revolution in agriculture and in education provided the conditions for the success of Synarchism among the poorest Mexican masses. It nevertheless also argues that because of the lack of alliances with other nationalist groups and of a precise programme of action, the fate of the Movement ultimately rested with the actors that manipulated it.
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